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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*sogra- ? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to search (through) 2 to ask face="Times New Roman Star"1 обыскивать 2 спрашивать face="Times New Roman Star"sog|rut- 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sora- 1, sorag|aq 'search, perquisition' (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"s?yra- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 816. Федотов 2, 466-467 derives the Chuv. form < *so:r(a)- 'ask' (v. sub *so:/ra ), but the initial s?- remains unclear in both cases. Because of this, and because of the Hapax nature of the OT form the it is actually not quite clear whether the root *sogra- exists at all. An argument in its favour is the semantic match between OT and Chagatai and the resulting semantic distinction (*'search (through)') from *so:r(a)- 'ask'. face="Times New Roman Star"*sogly- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to thrust the hand (into one's bosom) face="Times New Roman Star"засовывать руку (за пазуху) face="Times New Roman Star"sog|ly- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 810. face="Times New Roman Star"*bAlyg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wounded face="Times New Roman Star"раненый face="Times New Roman Star"balyg| (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"balyg| (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"palyg| face="Times New Roman Star"palyg| face="Times New Roman Star"balu face="Times New Roman Star"balyg| face="Times New Roman Star"balyg| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 53, EDT 335, ЭСТЯ 2, 88-89. Turk. > Bur. bala 'bruise, injury'. face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"l- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to be destroyed, ruined 2 to destroy face="Times New Roman Star"1 разрушаться, разоряться 2 разрушать face="Times New Roman Star"bo"l- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"OKypch. bu"l- 'to remove, fire' (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"bu"lu"n- 'to be alarmed' face="Times New Roman Star"bu"lin- 1, bu"ldir- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bo"l- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bu"l- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 92, EDT 332. face="Times New Roman Star"*sAg[u]n face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"arrow, arrow head face="Times New Roman Star"стрела, наконечник стрелы face="Times New Roman Star"sag|an (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"sog|an face="Times New Roman Star"sog|an face="Times New Roman Star"sog|on, so:n face="Times New Roman Star"sog|un face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 426, ЭСТЯ 7. Stachowski (193) relates here also Yak. ono-g|os, Dolg. ono-gos 'arrow', which may be right if onog|os < *sagun-gac? with secondary vowel shortening (although the root should be kept distinct from *sokym / *sokan, derived from *sok- 'to pierce, hit' - medial *-g- cannot be explained). See also notes to *sAgut 'vessel'. face="Times New Roman Star"*ToK- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"weasel face="Times New Roman Star"ласка face="Times New Roman Star"totxanax (Sag.) face="Times New Roman Star"toqynas, toqumas, toqumdas (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"toqtonoq face="Times New Roman Star"toqtan (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 485. A local Syberian form, probably a compound of the expected *dog- with some obscure second component (possibly *dog-kumtyr/ 'weasel-beaver'). face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ak- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to bind, fetters, harness face="Times New Roman Star"связывать, оковы, упряжь face="Times New Roman Star"c?akyl- 'to be bound, fastened' (of yoke animals), c?ag|an 'camel fetters' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|an 'camel fetters' face="Times New Roman Star"c?aqy 'stick for binding horses' face="Times New Roman Star"c?aqyldaq 'rope harness' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 94, 96 (but Oyr. c?aky is regarded as borrowed < Mong. c?aqu, on which see *c?`ak`V ). face="Times New Roman Star"*jaka face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"rent, lease face="Times New Roman Star"плата, наем face="Times New Roman Star"jaqa (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 898. face="Times New Roman Star"*sogur ( ? -a-) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a small fur animal (marmot) face="Times New Roman Star"вид грызуна (сурок) face="Times New Roman Star"sog|ur (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"suwyr face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yrg|an 'a small rodent' face="Times New Roman Star"sъw|vъw|r face="Times New Roman Star"hywyr face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 815, VEWT 416, 425, ЭСТЯ 7. face="Times New Roman Star"*je:bke face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wolverine face="Times New Roman Star"росомаха face="Times New Roman Star"jekpe face="Times New Roman Star"siegen face="Times New Roman Star"hiegen face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekpe face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 195, Stachowski 103. face="Times New Roman Star"*ged face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"very, extremely face="Times New Roman Star"очень, весьма face="Times New Roman Star"ked (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ked| (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"kej (Osm.) face="Times New Roman Star"gej face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 700 (with a quite dubious hypothesis of borrowing < Sogd.). face="Times New Roman Star"*Tus- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 profit, benefit 2 to be profitable face="Times New Roman Star"1 выгода 2 быть выгодным face="Times New Roman Star"tusu 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tusu 1 (MK ), tus- 2, tusug|lug| 'good service' (KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"tuza face="Times New Roman Star"tuza face="Times New Roman Star"tuha face="Times New Roman Star"tuha-la:- 'be helpful', tuhan- 'use' face="Times New Roman Star"duza face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 501, Stachowski 230. Turk. > MMong. (MA ) tusa, WMong. tusa 'help, service' (see Clark 1977 , 157, Щербак 1997 , 159; not vice versa, despite Sinor 1970 ), whence Man. tusa etc., see Doerfer MT 100, and possibly some modern Turkic forms as backloans. face="Times New Roman Star"*jar- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"armour face="Times New Roman Star"панцирь, доспехи face="Times New Roman Star"jaryq (Orkh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jaryq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jaryq (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 962, VEWT 190, ЭСТЯ 4, 147. Modern languages widely reflect *jarak 'weapon, armour' (Kirgh. z?|araq, Uygh. jaraq etc., see ЭСТЯ 4, 139). This seems to be a contamination of the earlier attested *jarag 'readiness, opportunity' (derived from *jara- 'to be fit, suitable' q. v. sub *z?|a>/ra ; see EDT ibid.) and *jaryk 'armour'. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ky:l/-gun face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"eatable grass face="Times New Roman Star"кормовая трава face="Times New Roman Star"qys?g|un (MK ) 'свежий тростник, который ест скот' face="Times New Roman Star"qys?qyn 'пырей' face="Times New Roman Star"x@lg|en 'кипрей' face="Times New Roman Star"ky:s ot 'конский щавель' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 672. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"rt face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"snow drift, deep snow face="Times New Roman Star"сугроб, глубокий снег face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rtu"k (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt (dial.), gu"rtu"k face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rt face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rt@k face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rtu"k, ku"rt face="Times New Roman Star"k@rt (Anatri) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rz?|u"k face="Times New Roman Star"xo"rtu"k face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rtu"k face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt, ku"rt@k face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt@k face="Times New Roman Star"ko"rt face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rt face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 739, ЭСТЯ 5, 149-150. face="Times New Roman Star"*jyg- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to prevent, obstruct, restrain face="Times New Roman Star"препятствовать, сдерживать face="Times New Roman Star"jyg|- (KB , AT, Tefs) face="Times New Roman Star"jyg|- (Abush. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jig|- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 200, EDT 897. face="Times New Roman Star"*c?Eke-t face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 coniferous forest 2 pistacio nut 3 (fruit) stone, seed 4 hazel-nut 5 wild jujube 6 young coniferous growth 7 bush, shrub 8 fir branch face="Times New Roman Star"1 лес (хвойный) 2 фисташковый орех 3 косточка, семечко 4 лесной орех 5 дикая ююба 6 молодые хвойные поросли 7 кустарник 8 ветка ели face="Times New Roman Star"s?eki-r-tu"k 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?eki-r-dek 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?iki 4 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?eke-r-dek, c?ekide| 5 (Pav. C. , R - Babur ) face="Times New Roman Star"s?et 7 (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?et ag|as? 6 face="Times New Roman Star"s?et 6 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ege-dek, c?ege-l-dek 8 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ege-r 7 face="Times New Roman Star"c?eget 'forest, wood' (Karach.), 'North' (Balk.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekerdek 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?egirdek, c?ekirdek 3, c?eger 'blackthorn' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 102, EDT 867-868. Morphologically -t - is a collective suffix, -dak/-dyk - a denominative suffix. The word is attested in MK , but in an aberrant (dialectal) shape with s?-, and the meaning 'nut' is probably secondary, the original meaning of the root being 'coniferous tree, branch'. Several other plant names may be related, cf.: Chag. c?eke| 'berries found in the Fergana mountains'; Uzb. c?akanda 'облепиха крушиновидная', Uygh. c?a"ka"nda" 'a bush with red fruits' (R 3 , 1947 Taranchi, mod. c?akanda 'a k. of thorny bush'), Az. c?a"kil 'mulberry'; Kirgh. South. c?ekende 'хвойник; кузьмичева трава; эфедра двуколосковая' (its pseudoberries are edible; despite Yudakhin, not < Iranian - the word is not attested in Persian). Turk. > Pers. c?a"ka"lda"k 'blackberry' (Гаффаров ). face="Times New Roman Star"*KArs face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of upper clothes face="Times New Roman Star"вид верхней одежды face="Times New Roman Star"qars (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"qars (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"bel-qe|rs, qol-qe|rs face="Times New Roman Star"qaris 'a k. of textile' (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"qars face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 312. face="Times New Roman Star"*ke.li face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"mortar face="Times New Roman Star"ступка face="Times New Roman Star"keli (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"kile face="Times New Roman Star"keli face="Times New Roman Star"keli (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"kil@ face="Times New Roman Star"keli: face="Times New Roman Star"kile face="Times New Roman Star"keli face="Times New Roman Star"keli face="Times New Roman Star"keli face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 33. Cf. also such forms as Chuv. kiz/ep 'tamper, pestle' and Bashk. ki(l)sap, kilt|ap id. Turk. > Hung. ko"lyu?, see Gombocz 1912 . face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyr/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 expensive, miserly 2 to wish, envy, be miserly face="Times New Roman Star"1 дорогой, скупой 2 желать, завидовать, скупиться face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qyz 1 (Ettuhf. , AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"qizg|an- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qizg|an- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qysqan- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"x@rg|en- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kysan- 'нуждаться, иметь надобность' face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qyzg|an- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 269, EDT 680, Лексика 339, ЭСТЯ 6, 248-249. The root is also attested as kyrs in Tur. dialects, and as qyrzan- in Tuva The verbal form *Kyr/-gan- is sometimes attested as qysg|an- due to a contamination with *Kys-ga- 'short, narrow' (v. sub *ki/so ).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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